Improvement in dies for nut-making machines



I 2Sheets--Sheet1. R. BLAKESLEE.

Dies for Nut-Making Machines. N0.\57,572. Patented Dec.8,1874.

' 2 Sheets--Sh|eet 2. l. R. BLAKESLEE. Dies for Nut-Making Machines; N0]57 572 I Patented Dec.8,1874.

UNITED STATES PATENT OIIFTIGFlr I JOHN R. BLAKESLEE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO,ASSlGNOR TO THE RHODES RIVET COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN DlES FOR NUT-MAK ING MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 157,572, dated December8, 1874; application filed August 1, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN R. BLAKESLEE, of Cleveland, Cuyahoga county,State of Ohio, have invented Improvements in Machines for MakingHot-Pressed Nuts, &c., of which the following is a specification:

My invention has for its object to improve upon that class ofnut-machines which are constructed' for manufacturing hot-pressed nuts,the prime feature being to construct a nut-machine in such a manner thata hotpressed nut can be produced without having fins or burrs on itsside surfaces-usually due to the action of the cutters-the result beingthat the tedious milling operation heretofore resorted to is dispensedwith, and by such construction I am enabled to produce hot-pressed nutsmuch cheaper than heretofore.

My invention consists in forming the die-box of a hot-pressed-nutmachine in five parts or sections, each made with a fiat surface for theside of the nut, and with mitered corners at about an angle offorty-five degrees to such flat surface, in such a manner that, when themitered portions or surfaces of said parts or sections are broughttogether in proper position, a die-box, having a square or polygonalshaped interior, is formed, within which the nut is constructed. One ofsaid parts or see tions is divided transversely, to form two parts orsections, in one of which is formed an aperture, while the other formsthe cutter for severing the blank from the bar when inserted into thedie-box through such aperture; the object being to have the bar betweensuch cutter and the punching-die, when inserted into the die-box, sothat the blank is encompassed on all sides and prevented from spreadingin width, the metal being forced or crowded tothe section of thedie-box. through which opening the bar from which the nut is formed isinserted into thedie-box, is combined a cutting and punching die, aswage or cup, and a punch, all constructed and operated, by suitablegear, in such a manner that, when a bar of iron of the proper width isinserted into the die-box, the cutting and punching die moves toward thestationary cutter, and, by the combined action of the same, severs theblank w from the bar, said box retaining the blank in position for theswage and punch to perform their office of swaging and punching theblank, which being accomplished within the diebox, the swage and punchrecede, when the cutting and punching dies advance still farther, anddischarge the completed nut from the die-box free from fins and burrs,and thus ready for the market without further manipulatioh.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical central section ofthe die-box, dieholder, cutting and punching die, the swage, and thepunch in position to receive a bar of iron. Fig. 2 is a similar section,illustrating the position of the several parts of the blank beingsevered from the bar, the same being acted upon by the swage and punch.Fig. 3 is a vertical section, illustrating the position of the severedparts, the nut being completed and discharged from the die-box. Fig. 4is a perspective view of the chuck or die-holder, the (llG'bOX beingremoved. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the die-box, removed from thechuck or holder. Fig. 6 is a perspective view, illustrating theconstruction of the sections which form the die box and cutter whenbrought together.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each figurevof the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, the letterA designates a chuck or die holder,being constructed with an enlarged opening, a, and seat b, for receivingand supporting the die-box. Said chuck or holder is constructed so as tobe connected with the-bedplate B of a nut-machine, and provided with asuitable opening,c, through its die-supporting seat, to receive thecutting and punching die, while one of its side walls is constructedwith an opening, 01, of a suffia trapezoidal formthat is, constructedwith fiat or plane sideswhile the corners are mitered off at about anangle of forty-five degrees to the surface 70, as illustrated in Fig. 6,so that when the mitered portions of said sections Zm are placed injuxtaposition to form a die-box, as in Fi 5, the interior of the samewill be of a square or polygonal shape. One of the sections is dividedtransversely, to form two parts, h i, one of which-for instance, h iscut away, as at n, in such position as to co incide with the opening clin the chuck or die holder, when placed therein, so as to enable a barof iron, being readily inserted through such openings into the die-box,to be subjected to the action of the cutting, swaging, and punchingmechanism. The part '5, together with the part h, forms one side of thedie-box; but the prime object in so separating the same is to utilizethe parti as a cutting instrument, capable of being removed for repair,regrinding, or for substituting a new cutter when it becomesdeteriorated by constant usage. This cutter i, when in its scat,becomes, in fact, a stationary cutter, and is confined therein by anysuitable fastening medium, so that it cannot be displaced when subjectedto pressure, as in cutting a blank from a bar of iron. Said cutter formsa covering or wall for the bedopening d, and if made in one piece withthe section h, and the opening cl cut therein, it

would accomplish to some extent the purposes hereinbefore named; but,should its edge become worn by constant cutting action, it can only beresharpened with specially-constructed tools, requiring much care,skill, and labor, and would in short time necessitate the lay in g asideof the entire action.

This mode of constructing a die-box for manufacturing hot-pressed nutsis superior to and more economical than any construction that I am awareof, since all that is essential is to bring a bar or plate of steel, orother suitable metal, to a width equal to the distance between the wallsof the chuck or die holder, and then miter the corners, after whichsections of equal or of the desired length are severed from such miteredbar. Further, when the faces 7c of the sections are worn or impaired byusage, the same can be planed as heretofore die-boxes when injured ordeteriorated by use have been cast aside and used only as scrap.

The dressing or redressing of the faces is best accomplished byarranging the several sections in line with each other, as in Fig. 6,but, of course, with their ends in close union. The cutting and punchingdie D is of the usual tubular form for receiving the end of the punchand conducting off the punehings, and is provided with a suitablecollar, a, for resting upon the slide E, so as to form a substantialbasin when meeting with resistance. Said punching and cutting die isconstructed and operated by suitable gear, so as to traverse through,ornearly through, the die-boX, and is made of a shape corresponding withthe shape of the interior of said die-box, but of a size somewhat lessthan the said interior, whereby an intervening space is created betweenthe two, the result being that provision is made for the expansion ofthe cutting and punching die, such. expansion causing it to fill theinterior of the die-box on all sides.

The swaging and punching of the blank is .peformed within the die-boximmediately after the blank has been severed, and such is accomplishedby the swage or cup E, which may be provided with a fiat or;concaveface, according to the form desired to be imparted to the nut. Saidswage or cup is provided with a collar, a, for bearing on the swageslideG, to enable it to remain fixed upon its seat when subjected topressure, and is constructed with a central opening, through whichpasses the punch or piercer H, constructed with its slide I, so thatsaid swage or cup, and the punch or piercer, are made to move togetherby their respective slides, for acting upon the blank in the die-box,and then retreat to enable the completed nut to be discharged. The barfrom which the nut-blank is to be out should be of a width less than thewidth of the die-box, so that the spreading of the iron during theoperation of cutting, swaging, and punching will expand the nut to thefull size of the die-box in cross-section.

The cutting and punching die, the swage or cup, and the punch or piercerhave motion imparted to them by their respective slides, which are actedupon by a suitable system of cam or eccentric gearing at the proper determined movement, the construction and arrangement of such being thatthe cutting and punching die is always brought to such a position thatthe bar of iron inserted into the die-box will be between the cuttingand punching die and the cutter in the wall of the dieboX, as clearlyillustrated in Fig. 1, preparatory to severing the blank from the bar.The cutting and punching die is thus caused to advance toward the cutterin the wall of the die-box, passing the feed-opening, severing the blankfrom the bar, and remaining stationary in such position, supporting theblank until the swage and punch are caused to advance and perform theiroffice of swaging and punching the blank, as in Fig. 2, and thenretreat, when the punching and cutting die, continuing its forward path,forces the nut out of the die-box, as illustrated in Fig. 3.

The nuts thus formed are completed ready for the market. They require nofurther manipulation, such as milling, which is always essential inhot-pressed nuts. They are formed perfectly smooth, free from all pins,burrs, or other ragged edges, an d such great desideratum and economy inproduction are accomplished by feeding the bar directly into the die-boxthrough its wall, so as to have the blank while it is being cutencompassed on all sides, so as to force or crowd the metal together,thus effectually preventing the metal from spreading in width.

I claim as my invention- 1. The sections or walls of a die-box forforming hot-pressed nuts, constructed with a flat surface or face, k,and with mitered corners l m, substantially-as described, for thepurpose specified.

2. In combination with the sect-ions cf 9, the sections h t, forming adie-box, the section h having a feed-opening, and the section 2' servingas a cutter, substantially as described.

3. The combination, in a machine for making hot-pressed nuts, of adie-box made up of a series of sections, one of said sections beingconstructed with a feed-opening and a cutter to admit of a bar of ironbeing fed into the die-box between the said cutter and the cutting orpunching die, and be encompassed on all sides to prevent spreading ofthe metal, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I havehereunto set my hand.

JOHN R. BLAKESLEE.

